National Geographic refers to the Pantanal as “Brazil’s Best Kept Secret” due in large part to its relatively unknown bounty in terms of wildlife diversity.
This region in south-central Brazil covers roughly 75,000 square miles of sprawling wetland and is home to 3,500 known plant species, 9,000 invertebrate species, 325 fish species, 53 amphibian species, 98 reptile species, 656 bird species, and 159 mammal species.
The word ‘Pantanal’ translates in Portuguese (the language spoken in Brazil) to “wetland, bog, swamp or marsh” a perfect description for the seasonally flooded wetland that covers over 80,000 square miles. During each ‘wet’ season, waters from the neighboring central plateau fill the river systems of the Pantanal. The Cuiaba, Paraguay, Piquiri, and Taquari rivers and their tributaries spill their banks and flood the region. These floodwaters bring with them important nutrients as well as lots and lots of fish.