Human History
The story of human history at Bryce Canyon begins with Native American occupation which traces back to roughly 12,000 years, however, the exact time is unclear. There were three groups of natives that are known to have been in the area of Bryce, the Anasazi and Fremont, and the Paiute. The Anasazi and Fremont peoples were first to arrive. Paiute influence here can be traced back to roughly 1200AD. These hunters and gatherers lived off of land not known for its hospitality but did so with some success until the late 1860s. Yet, there is no real evidence the native peoples lived full-time in the region. The harsh climate was likely not quite what they wanted.
Spanish explorers passed through this region in the late 1700s. It did not take them long to know this area was not quite what they wanted.
It wasn’t until the mid-1850s, with the arrival of the Mormon settlers, that anyone decided to make a more permanent go of things in the area in-and-around what is now the National Park. Notable among these folks was Ebenezer Bryce, the man whom the Park was named. Bryce homesteaded and developed this area in the 1870s, and was attributed to one of the more famous quotes about Bryce Canyon that lives on today.
“A helluva place to lose a cow.”
-Ebenezer Bryce
But, even for Mr. Bryce, this land was not quite what he wanted either, and even though the Park has his name, Bryce moved away only a few years later.
Ultimately, pioneer settlers changed the face of the area by taming and diverting rivers, harvested timber, killing off wild animals (Grizzly Bear and Grey Wolf), and developing livestock operations. They also formed communities, infrastructure, and brought notoriety to this remote, yet intriguing part of the world. Perhaps they’d be able to give it a ‘go’ in a place no one previously wanted.
Park History
Tourism at Bryce Canyon began around 1919 with the arrival of roads and more importantly, the railroad. The real work of getting the area recognition began in 1915, when Forest Service Supervisor, J.W. Humphrey, was taken to see what existed at the eastern corner of the Paunsaugunt Plateau.
“You can perhaps imagine my surprise at the indescribable beauty that greeted us, and it was sundown before I could be dragged from the canyon view. You may be sure that I went back the next morning to see the canyon once more, and to plan in my mind how this attraction could be made accessible to the public.”
-J.W. Humphrey
By 1916 lodging and accommodation operations began to spring up, as rancher Reuben Syrett (Ruby), and his wife, Minnie, set up tourist services near the Bryce Canyon rim. The Union Pacific Railroad eventually moved in, taking the development of the area to new heights including a new Lodge at Sunset Point, and nearby rustic cabins. Ruby moved his enterprise to his nearby ranch (where it remains today).
As development was taking place, new federal protections were also being passed. Bryce Canyon was proclaimed a National Monument by President Warren G. Harding in the summer of 1923. Congress passed a bill establishing “Utah National Park” roughly one year later. Bryce Canyon was restored as the Park’s name when it officially became a National Park in February 1928.